4. Please video record demonstrating the operations of the circuit with a hand motion near the sensor. It runs on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. com/ct-sensors-interfacing-arduinoOct 31, 2015 To connect up a CT sensor to an Arduino, the output signal from the CT sensor needs to be conditioned so that it meets the input requirements Arduino Energy Switch: Someday you might have made a brilliant smart object in If the CT sensor is a current output type such as the Talema AC1010, the 24 Feb 2017 To connect a CT sensor to an Arduino, the output signal from the CT sensor needs to be conditioned so it meets the input requirements of the Arduino analog 1 x Arduino. Arduino power inverter old version: Arduino Power inverter. Some of the special features that I would like to highlight about this shield The first is the CT, the sct-013-010 has a built in burden resistor so you should remove your burden resistor and connect the one wire from the CT to Arduino A1 and the second to the middle of your two 100K divider resistors. and actuators that can be attached to the Arduino such as motion sensors, ultrasonic, heat, sound, Ethernet Shield, LED Display and more. emonPi V1. Hioki 9657 10 Ac Leak Sensor 10amp Ct. Now bring the magnet close to the sensor and your LED will glow and if you take it away it will turn off. 1 x CT sensor YHDC SCT-013-000 1 x Burden resistor 18 Ohms if supply voltage is 3. To connect a CT sensor to an Arduino, CT sensors - Interfacing with an Arduino. So, we have a transformer, it is: The cable through which the current to be measured is the primary winding; The "clamp" is the magnetic core. The environment is written in Java and based on Processing and other open-source software. What would be a simple circuit to monitor a 120 volt line current? Connecting an Arduino to the circuit would allow one to detect when the attached device has shut down, for example a washer, dryer; or perhaps to monitor usage, a child's TV. The circuit displays the level of water in the tank and switches the motor ON when the water level goes below a predetermined level. As the digital value is between 0 and 1023, the digital value is 1023/5 = 204 per volt (rounded down, as the value is an integer value). This is a basic voltage divider between 5v and GND pins on the arduino to give a center 2. If it is a voltage output CT you can skip this step and miss out the burden resistor as the burden resistor is already built in to the CT. VL53L0X Time-of-Flight Distance Sensor CT Sensor เซนเซอร์วัดกระแสไฟฟ้า ใช้งานโดยนำไปครอบสายไฟ โดย CT เป็นแบบแยกได้ และมีตัวล้อกจึงสะดวกในการใช้งาน Motion Sensor Arduino PIR HC-SR501 The Arduino The Arduino's Analog Input Pins work between 0 and AVref - which is normally between 0 and 5 volts. The advantage of this sensor is the accuracy of sensor can measure the object distance up to centimeter(cm). Used in smart home energy monitor Working temperature -25 +70 C Material ferite build in sampling rezistor suatbleThe circuit to interface a current transformer to an Arduino analog input pin. O Arduino Xbee Shield é um componente desenvolvido especialmente para facilitar a comunicação wireless de um Arduino com um módulo Xbee a um ótimo preço. The CT Sensor delivers a AC Voltage over the shuntresistor (max 1V rsm) if on the primary side a loadSep 29, 2015 All you have to do is to clamp the current sensor around one of the wires by OLIMEX Ltd in new product Tags: arduino, energy, measurement, Aug 14, 2017 Using the ACS712 Hall Effect Current Sensor Module (part 2) Postbag #28: Arduino Special - Cheap Uno, DIY Duinos, USB Tiny ISP CT sensors - Interfacing with an Arduino -Use Arduino for Projects duino4projects. SPD (Smart Pressure Device) is a series of silicon based pressure sensors suitable for industrial as well as house hold applications. Getting sensor data from an Arduino and sending it over the Internet to display the data in a graph can be a rather challenging task. Circuit to connect SCT-013-000 to Arduino. Used in smart home energy monitor Working temperature -25 +70 C Material ferite build in sampling rezistor suatble5A Range AC Current Transformer Current Sensor Module General Description: Current sensors operate as the sealed secondary of a current transformer while the conductor carrying the current to be measured functions as a one turns primary. Product Description: Recently Viewed Products. Join them; it only takes a minute: How do I measure watts without a CT clamp? Ask Question. Submitted by Robert (not verified) on Wed, 04/01/2012 - 13:58. You can not assume that 512 is the middle. For the ACS712, you actually have to measure the voltage, when there is no current. Source code for the microcontroller is freely available and can be modified for adaptation. . The basic functional operation of each of The ACS712 Current Sensor Module is an analog input that provides accurate measurement of AC and DC currents. Power the sensor itself with 3 to 5VDC and connect the two I2C pins up to your microcontroller. Sound sensitive lights w/ sound sensor & Arduino by Prince · Published 03/20/2014 · Updated 01/31/2015 Sound sensors can be used for a variety of things, one of …Sensor de nível de líquidos para utilização em caixas d’água, tanques, reservatórios e outros recipientes. The ACS712-05B can measure current up to ±5A (means two ways current flow mesuring) and has output sensitivity of 185mV/A (at +5V power supply), this means for every 1A increase in the current through the sensor , the sensor output voltage rises by 185 mV. For AC voltage measurements the most suitable sensor types are voltage transformer, capacitive voltage divider and resistive voltage divider. If sensor provides an UART interface, you can use the available GPIO pins on the Arduino to connect to the sensor through the UART. The Arduino itself also will impose limitations such as the maximum value of the input voltage in the digital analog converter and the number of bits (10 bits) which will have a resolution limited. cc/index. The circuit automatically switches the Tweet. This sensor can be used in AC and DC systems requiring isolation from the measured circuit and has low insertion loss and more connection options compared to conventional resistive current shunts. Current sensing electronics. The open-source Arduino Software (IDE) makes it easy to write code and upload it to the board. Videos for this project: Arduino power inverter new version: Arduino Power Inverter Revisited. I have used a 9V battery to power the whole set-up you can use any preferable power source. The ACS712 Current Sensors offered on the internet are designed to be easily used with micro controllers like the Arduino. 1V, para esto si están usando un Arduino …Arduino Temperature Sensor Arduino Lcd Arduino Programming Raspberry Pi Projects Arduino Projects Engineering Projects Electronics Projects Diy Electronics Diy Tech Forward Arduino thermometer project with an LCD display and an temperature sensor displays the temperature in Fahrenheit and Celsius. Good little CT. 3V or 33 Ohms if supply voltage is 5V. For a circuit diagram and detailed discussion of sensors and electronics see: CT Senors - Introduction; CT Sensors - Interfacing with an ArduinoNon-invasive clip-on CT current sensor (for AC current only) - compatible with the emonPi and emonTx V3. If it is a voltage output CT you can skip this step and leave out the burden resistor, as the burden CT sensors - Interfacing with an Arduino. Автор: gysmovoileГледания: 80KHow to build an arduino energy monitor | Archived Forumhttps://openenergymonitor. O sensor de nível funciona como uma chave liga-desliga que pode acionar chaves, bombas, lâmpadas ou enviar um sinal para o microcontrolador como o Arduino, Pic ou Raspberry Pi. For a circuit diagram and detailed discussion of sensors and electronics see: CT Sensors - Introduction; CT Sensors - Interfacing with an ArduinoThis non-invasive current sensor (also known as a “split core current transformer”) can be clamped around the supply line of an electrical load to tell you how much current is passing through it. 00), but the ones The emonPi can monitor two single-phase AC circuits using clip-on CT sensors. In the current sensor, the ferromagnetic core can be separated so that the conductor can be opened and rolled up. Usually current transformer and hall current sensor are the most suitable types to use with Arduino (they both provide isolation from measurent circuit). 詳細は「CTセンサ電流測定方法」を参照してください。 ※本基板はArduino Uno R3互換の端子配置を有しており、計測用のライブラリを移植することでArduinoを使用した電流モニタリングも可能です（当社ではサポートいたしません）。 仕様SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor (with Screw Terminals) In stock SEN-13637 The SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor is a simple breakout for measuring the moisture in soil and similar materials. This 5A AC current Sensor requires two connections to your Arduino and it . You can use the SoftwareSerial library available for Arduino that provides the programming methods to allow GPIOs to function as UARTs. CT Sensor Shieldは、クランプ式交流電流センサーが接続できるArduino対応シールドです。It depends on the interface that the sensor provides. As any other transformer SNS-CURRENT-CT013-100A has primary and secondary windings, the ratio is 100:0. You can't use a CT sensor to measure power. 4/27/2014 · That is a classic simple current transformer. org/electricity-monitoring/ct-sensors/introduction16 юни 2015Measuring AC Current with and Arduino can be tricky. ラピスセミコンダクタは2017年6月、工作機械の稼働状況モニタリングを後付けで実現する電流検出用中継基板「CT Sensor Shield」の販売を開始した。. It lists boards in these categories: Released under the official Arduino name; Arduino "shield" compatible I am fairly new to Arduino projects, so this was a perfect breakout board to get my feet wet. It is compatible with various kinds of Arduino Shields. However, when calibrating the new ones, i found that phasecal for the new sensor connected to phase 1 was ok (1. This allows the CT to be able to swing from 5V to 0V into the analog input of the Arduino. Technical. CT sensors - Interfacing with an Arduino; How to build an Arduino energy monitor - measuring mains current only. This article is about interfacing pressure sensor to Arduino. Ask Question. After all, the module requires just 3 connections: +5 Vcc, ground, and analog voltage out. This is a non-exhaustive list of Arduino boards and compatible systems. Measure Current in AC Grid up to 100 A. Si están usando Arduino mega, tiene dos referencias internas para su lectura analógica, hay que usar la referencia de 1. To know more about CT UNO, you can have a look at Introducing CT UNO. $0. it is a current transformer which can be used to measure AC current up to 100 amperes. The CT Sensor delivers a AC Voltage over the shuntresistor (max 1V rsm) if on the primary side a load31 Oct 2015 To connect up a CT sensor to an Arduino, the output signal from the CT sensor needs to be conditioned so that it meets the input requirements 29 Sep 2015 All you have to do is to clamp the current sensor around one of the wires by OLIMEX Ltd in new product Tags: arduino, energy, measurement, 16 Nov 2017 This post is about how to interface 5V / 3. We feature 2000+ electronic circuits, circuit diagrams, electronic projects, hobby circuits and tutorials, all for FREE! Since 2008 we have been providing simple to understand educational materials on electronics for engineering students and hobbyists alike. These sensors are based on the Allegro ACS712ELC chip. 75. It uses a current transformer (CT) sensor to measure current in the live wire safely and a AC-AC power adapter to measure mains voltage. LED 120V Dusk To Dawn Outdoor Swivel Photo Cell Light Control Photocell Sensor Soil Humidity Hygrometer Moisture Detection Sensor Module Arduino With Wires Hot. 5v to the CT. The monitor consists of the current sensor (which produces a signal proportional to the mains current) and the sensor electronics that convert the signal into a form the Arduino can use. io) I walk through the platform from end to end starting with setting up the Arduino to capture sensor data and ending with a super simple Play! app which shows the past sensor readings by consuming the data presented by the m2m. Can you measure the 5V pin of the Arduino board ? It needs to be higher than 4. The emonPi can also monitor temperature, and interface directly with utility meters via an optical pulse sensor. AC current sensor. To connect a CT sensor to an Arduino, If the CT sensor is a "current output" type such as the YHDC SCT-013-000, the current signal needs to be converted to a voltage signal with a burden resistor. Used in smart home energy monitor Working temperature -25 +70 C Material ferite build in sampling rezistor suatbleThe open-source Arduino Software (IDE) makes it easy to write code and upload it to the board. It does this by acting as an inductor and responding to the magnetic field around a current-carrying conductor. TA12-100 Arduino Current Sensor Tutorial8/14/2017 · Warning/Disclaimer: This is a potentially very dangerous project. Measure Electric Current Sensors Using CT and Arduino In the electric power system there is a piece of equipment known as CT. 3volts. It can be used by students, artists, athletes, makers, and game & mobile developers who want to easily incorporate live heart-rate data into their projects. As the name implies, CT is an equipment that converts the current magnitude from large to small or otherwise in accordance with the necessary requirements. Current Sensors Known current sensor or current transformer, known as Current Transformer (CT) and using effect hall technology. It involves working with AC house power (120/240V) that if not treated with the proper care can cause bodily injury and/or Автор: ItKindaWorksГледания: 62KArduino Current Sensor - Arduino, Arduino Shields, Arduino https://hacktronics. This task is made extremely easy when using a IoT (Internet of Things) web service instead of setting up the Arduino to host a web page that contains the sensor data graph. 2A Motor Driver Shield – This is the new motor driver shield designed by Cytron. For my case, I would like to try it first before start buying a CT sensor. This guide details how to build a simple electricity energy monitor on that can be used to measure how much electrical energy you use in your home. CT sensors measure current. when 100A flow through primary 1 turn wire the secondary coil will have 50mA. Including voltage measurement via AC-AC voltage adapter and current measurement via a CT sensor. I am not sure if I am doing it right because the tutorial is using different current sensorThe Mains AC energy monitor can measure energy used by a whole house/building. Гледайте видеото · Arduino Hall Effect Sensor Working: Once you are ready with your Hardware and Code, just upload the Code to the Arduino. ACS712 data sheet. SCT-013-000 is a Non-Invasive AC current sensor i. LED 120V Dusk. com/Tutorials/arduino-current-sensor. These sensors are classified as components that have a good level of stability. This is why the EmonPi and other such devices have Arduino-type microprocessors in them that make the analog readings, and then send that digitized data to the RPi. Supports home energy, solar PV and remote temperature monitoring plug-and-play out of the box. So I searched the internet and found a very good web page that showed how to setup the CT sensor properly link for the site here. Non-invasive clip-on CT current sensor (for AC current only) - compatible with the emonPi and emonTx V3. This article is a about a fully functional water level controller using Arduino. In this project, we going to interface this sensor to Arduino Deuemilanove and display the value it Arduino …AcuAMP Current Transducers / Transformers, Current Switches, Current Indicators and Voltage Transducers AcuAMP is a family of high performance current sensors, current switches and voltage transducers offering outstanding features, flexibility and durability at an incredible price. Dependiendo del sensor que tengan deben cambiar el 30. Today I'll be showing you how to control your Hue lights from an Arduino - then adding a simple motion sensor. The CS-100A is a Hall effect current sensor board capable of measuring Bi-directional DC current flow. If it is a voltage output CT you can skip this step and leave out the burden resistor, as the burden resistor is built into the CT. Model: SCT-013-000; Maximum Current (Saturation): 100Aแสดงวงจรใช้งาน Non-Invasive Current Sensor - (100A Max) กับ Arduino วัดไฟ AC ภาพที่ 1 (คลิกที่ภาพเพื่อขยาย) ภาพที่ 2 (คลิกที่ภาพเพื่อขยาย)詳細は「CTセンサ電流測定方法」を参照してください。 ※本基板はArduino Uno R3互換の端子配置を有しており、計測用のライブラリを移植することでArduinoを使用した電流モニタリングも可能です（当社ではサポートいたしません）。 仕様It depends on the interface that the sensor provides. This current sensor module can handle AC or DC currents up to 5A. https://learn. CT UNO – This is the Cytron version of Arduino Uno. up vote 4 down vote favorite. . htmlArduino Current Sensor This Arduino based current, voltage, and power sensor/meter tutorial was created for hacktronics by Steve Spence. If the CT sensor is a current output type such as the YHDC SCT-013-000, the current signal needs to be converted to a voltage signal with a burden resistor. openenergymonitor. We can use the current transformer to build non-intrusive current sensors. org/forum-archive/node/58. The mains voltage is a AC voltage. 05 i. For my off-grid Ham Radio and Solar projects, I needed a way to measure volts, amps, watts, amp hours and watt hours. This means roughly 50 amps max over a 512 range on the Arduinos analog input pin, so Like any other transformer, a current transformer has a primary winding, a magnetic core, and a secondary winding. Arduino water level controller / indicator. VL53L0X Time-of-Flight Distance. Wireless sensor nodes sending data at to a web-connected Raspberry Pi base-station. e. 02/25/2013 · 1x CT sensor yhdc SCT-013-000 1x Burden resistor 18 Ohms if supply voltage is 3. php?topic=133146. VL53L0X Time-of-Flight Distance Sensor 1. The pressure sensor used here is SPD005G from Smartec . Shop with confidence. io platform API. about 4 Jun 28, 2018 The SCT013 series are sensors of non-invasive, current transformers that measure the intensity of a current that crosses a conductor without Measuring AC Current with and Arduino can be tricky. 5V for the Arduino Mega 2560 board and the ACS712 to work properly. From these measurements the Arduino calculates: Real Power, Apparent Power, Power Factor, RMS Voltage, RMS Current, frequency and #603 CT Sensor Shield for Arduino Overview. Current Transformer, DROK 100A/100mA AC Current Transformers, Mini Clip-on Current Sensor, Split Core Amp Transformer Sensing Relay, Easy to Install CT without Power OffUsually current transformer and hall current sensor are the most suitable types to use with Arduino (they both provide isolation from measurent circuit). The electronics consist of the sensors (which produce signals proportional to the mains voltage and current) and the sensor electronics that convert these signals into a form the Arduino is happy with. Current sensors are used to monitor the amount of power a circuit consuming. o The motor stops until another hand is waved over the IR sensor again. We have a detailed tutorial that will do all the gain, range and math for you - just plug and go with Arduino or CircuitPython!「CT Sensor Shield 」は、ラピスセミコンダクタの「Lazurite Sub-GHz (ラズライト サブギガヘルツ) 」と市販のクリップ式 CT (Current Transformer) センサ ※1 を接続するための中継基板 (シールド基板) です。本シールド基板を使い、Lazurite Sub-GHzとCTセンサによるセンサ I have been looking at the guides for interfacing a CT sensor to an Arduino and I see that I need a handful of parts to use with my SCT-013-000. Measurement accuracy can be improved by increasing the number of primary turns. My Arduino is a 5V version, not a 3. Find great deals on eBay for Arduino Current Sensor in Automation Sensors. They are quite precise. Sua estrutura, com botão de reset e conectores, liga de forma compacta e confiável todos os pinos do módulo Xbee ao seu Arduino. In the case of whole building monitoring, the primary winding is the live or neutral wire (NOT both!) coming into the building, that is passed through the opening in the CT. TA12-100 Arduino Current Sensor TutorialCT Sensors - Interfacing with an Arduino To connect a CT sensor to an Arduino, the output signal from the CT sensor needs to be conditioned so it meets the inputThis 5A AC current Sensor requires two connections to your Arduino and it requires you to run the wire that you wish to measure current on through the center of the current transformer. The hall effect sensor pin goes to pin 2, or interrupt 0. An Arduino programmable microcontroller (ATtiny84 or Atmega328) operates the board. 1/27/2013 · The arduino made each second : 2403 measures of each phase + 2403 measures of the voltage. 6/25/2015 · If the CT sensor is a current output type such as the Talema AC1010, the current signal needs to be converted to a voltage signal with a burden resistor. 0 por la relación correspondiente a su sensor. This non-invasive current sensor (also known as a "split core current transformer") can be clamped around the supply line of an electrical load to tell you Paul Langdon, active maker/inventor and instructor who is involved with MakeHartford as well as being a Hackster. The split core type such as the CT in the picture above, is particularly suitable for DIY use it can be clipped straight on to either the live or neutral wire coming into the building without having to do any high voltage electrical work. Below is the CT circuit diagram for Arduino Uno with a 86Ω Burden. Then connect your target power supply to VIN+ and the load to ground to VIN-. Current transformer (CT) - search Find great deals on eBay for ct sensor arduino. That means it changes with 50Hz or 60Hz. What then is the CT it? CT is an abbreviation of Current (current) Transformer (changer). Current Transformer, DROK 100A/100mA AC Current Transformers, Mini Clip-on Current Sensor, Split Core Amp Transformer Sensing Relay, Easy to Install CT without Power Off CT Sensors - Interfacing with an Arduino. It is less sensitivity in detecting alcohol, cooking fumes, and …Analog distance sensor, which are mainly use to measure the distance of an object. 5 mm audio jack where you can plug in mating connector and connect to Arduino. Feb 24, 2017 To connect a CT sensor to an Arduino, the output signal from the CT sensor needs to be conditioned so it meets the input requirements of the Arduino analog 1 x Arduino. 2. arduino. So I come out with below idea, using toroid inductor/coil for testing. I use a 47 ohms burden resistor at 3. Before you amplify and wire to an arduino analog input pin you first must convert the AC output voltage to …The challenge: Measuring AC current with a microcontroller such as an Arduino would at first seem simple using readily available current sensor modules based on ACS712 IC - BUT ITS NOT. 3V ADC with CT sensor. There are several options for logging and viewing the data. I wanted to interface this on arduino and I followed the instruction at openenergymonitor. (9615 analog read per second). 1/5(16)20A CT Sensor - Arduino Forumhttps://forum. CT Sensor Shieldは、クランプ式交流電流センサーが接続できるArduino対応シールドです。#603 CT Sensor Shield for Arduino Overview. 2x 10kOhm resistors (or any equall valued resistor pair upto 470kOhm)This 5A AC current Sensor requires two connections to your Arduino and it requires you to run the wire that you wish to measure current on through the center of the current transformer. Controlling iRobot Roomba with Arduino; Home Energy Monitoring System; Additional Sensors for Home Energy Monitor and copied the calib and phasecal for the voltage sensor and the 3 original CT connectors. Model: SCT-013-000; Maximum Current (Saturation): 100ADF ROBOT CH4 Gas Sensor (MQ4) This is an Arduino CH4 gas sensor. Current transformers (CTs) are sensors are for measuring alternating current. Unfortunately, to use a voltage or current out CT, you’d need at least one ADC (Analog to Digital Converter). If your fan takes a lot of current, you might need to use an external power source. A Simple Example (Arduino, MQTT, m2m. » Arduino Geiger–Müller counter with LCD display » Analog Speedometer Using Arduino and IR Sensor » Disconnect circuit for 12 volt lead acid and lithium batteries » Environmental Monitoring with TPS, Azure, and PowerBI » DIY Arduino Wireless quadruped V2 crawling robot project » Arduino Based Guitar Tuner » Simple Arduino Radio with Pulse Sensor Amped is a greatly improved version of the original Pulse Sensor, a plug-and-play heart-rate sensor for Arduino and Arduino compatibles. I have 3-pin current sensor honeywell csnf661. 3V version A Burden resistor @ 33 Oh…9/29/2015 · On the other end the sensor have 3. 6 PCB 2 x CT Current Sensor Inputs - designed for the 100A max YHDC clip-on SCT-013-000; 1 x AC Voltage Input - designed for a 9V AC power adapter; Arduino compatible ATmega328P - sketch upload direct from the Pi via GPIO serialAcuAMP Current Transducers / Transformers, Current Switches, Current Indicators and Voltage Transducers AcuAMP is a family of high performance current sensors, current switches and voltage transducers offering outstanding features, flexibility and durability at an incredible price. the pins are +V, -V, O/P or I+. Raspberry Pi-based energy monitorIf the CT sensor is a "current output" type such as the YHDC SCT-013-000, the current signal needs to be converted to a voltage signal with a burden resistor. org. Current Transformer, DROK 100A/100mA AC Current Transformers, Mini Clip-on Current Sensor, Split Core Amp Transformer Sensing Relay, Easy to Install CT without Power OffThis is non-invasive CT (Current Transformer) sensor, based on the magnetive transomfer working principle, which is hard to be explained by us but you can read a lot on this current transformer wiki page, or similar device “current clamp”. There is a 2 second pause, and then the motor moves in the opposite direction (simulating closing the door). 3V, or 33 Ohms if supply voltage 28 Jun 2018 The SCT013 series are sensors of non-invasive, current transformers that measure the intensity of a current that crosses a conductor without The second is a current sensor, measuring up to 20A. Arduino Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for developers of open-source hardware and software that is compatible with Arduino. It uses MQ4 probe which is able to detect nature gas, CH4. Interfacing SPD005G pressure sensor to arduino. Fully open-source Arduino IDE compatible; Easily customized for a variety of …This non-invasive current sensor (also known as a “split core current transformer”) can be clamped around the supply line of an electrical load to tell you how much current is passing through it. In my resent college classes several of my students plan to study solar energy in particular how power inverters operate. 4. IO ambassador, offered a full day workshop at CT Hackerspace. These current sensors are offered with full scale values of 5A, 20A and 30A. The burden resistor needs to be chosen based on the specifications of the CT and the expected amperage range for measurement. The major down side to this product is that its difficult to find info on it (as said by other users). htmlHow to build an Arduino energy monitor - measuring mains voltage and current. Measures are averaged every six seconds. The LED and 10k resistor needed to be there for this to work. 3V, or 33 Ohms if supply voltage This non-invasive current sensor (also known as a "split core current Current monitoring with non-invasive sensors and Arduino. E